IM 8.6.9 Lesson: Looking for Associations

What do you notice? What do you wonder?

In the applet below, you will see some 'cards'.

Some cards show two-way tables like this: Some cards show bar graphs like this: Some cards show segmented bar graphs like this: The bar graphs and segmented bar graphs have their labels removed.

Put all the cards that describe the same situation in the same group.

One of the groups does not have a two-way table. Make a two-way table for the situation described by the graphs in the group.

Go back to the first applet with the cards.

Label the bar graphs and segmented bar graphs so that the categories represented by each bar are indicated. Describe in your own words the kind of information shown by a segmented bar graph.

One of the segmented bar graphs is missing. Construct a segmented bar graph that matches the other representations.

Here is a two-way table that shows data about cell phone usage among children aged 10 to 18.

Complete the table. In each row, the entries for “has cell phone” and “does not have cell phone” should have the total 100%. Round entries to the nearest percentage point.

This is still a two-way table. Instead of showing frequency, this table shows relative frequency. Two-way tables that show relative frequencies often don’t include a “total” row at the bottom. Why?

Is there an association between age and cell phone use?

How does the two-way table of relative frequencies help to illustrate this?

A pollster attends a rally and surveys many of the participants about whether they associate with political Party A or political Party B and whether they are for or against Proposition 3.14 going up for vote soon. The results are sorted into the table shown.

  • A news station reports these results by saying, “A poll shows that about the same number of people from both parties are voting against Proposition 3.14.”
  • A second news station shows this graphic.
Are any of the news reports misleading? Explain your reasoning.

Create a headline, graphic (in the applet below), and short description that more accurately represents the data in the table.