如何创建评估项目

GeoGebra创作服务

你知道GeoGebra提供专业的创作服务吗？我们与经验丰富的作者和教育专家团队一起，根据您的规格创建高质量和定制的GeoGebra资源。我们会照顾所有需要的东西，包括可访问性和质量保证-这从来都不是那么容易！你想知道更多吗？查看我们的创作服务或通过office@geogebra.org

如果您注意一些细节，GeoGebra小程序可以轻松地集成到LTI系统中。在本介绍中，我们将根据一个简单的示例向您展示如何创建评估项目。注意：如果您尚未创建GeoGebra小程序，您可能需要先查看我们的GeoGebraClassic教程。

Explore the Assessment Item

布尔变量

为了与LTI系统兼容，您的GeoGebra评估项目应包含以下4个布尔变量：

validate	If this variable is set to true, the applet will give feedback to let students know if the given answers are correct. If the answer is wrong a hint can be shown (optional).
showanswer	If this variable is set to true, the answer to the question or task of the applet is shown. Note: depending on the type of question more than one answer may be possible.
showsolution	If this variable is set to true, the complete solution to the question or a possible way to solve the task is shown.
correct	This variable should only turn true, when the question of the applet is answered correctly. This can be just one answer, but it can also consist of different partial answers.

提示：创建设置为false的变量（例如：在输入栏中输入validate=false）。稍后，您仍然可以编辑正确的变量，以评估任务是否已成功解决。在使用小程序时，您可能希望显示布尔变量validate、showanswer和showsolution的复选框，以便您可以轻松切换它们的状态以测试逻辑。

多个输入

如果您的评估项目包含多个输入，我们建议每个输入使用一个布尔变量，例如correctA、correctB、correct C。最后的布尔校正将是正确的=correctA且correctB且correctC。

Partial Credit

如果评估项目包含多个输入，例如多个部分，您可能需要考虑部分学分。除了在true和false之间切换变量correct之外，correct也可以是介于0和1之间的数字。我们建议按如下方式计算correct： allCorrect=｛correctA，correctB，correct C｝ maxscore=长度（全部正确） correct=总和（全部正确）/最大得分

常规设置

小程序大小为了便于在不同屏幕上使用，小程序大小不应太大或太小。 我们建议大小为800 x 500。上传小程序时可以设置。 字体大小 轴标签和文本的大小由常规字体大小设置。这可以在应用程序的常规设置中完成。建议的字体大小在16pt和20pt之间，因为它不会太小而无法阅读，也不会太大而无法为其他元素占用太多空间。布局将说明文本与图形和几何结构分开，以保持对所有元素的概述，例如使用图形和图形2。您可以将图形和几何构造放在一边，将文本放在另一边。 注意：如果在图形视图中使用轴，请添加标签。打开“图形设置”并设置每个轴的标签（例如$\textsf｛x｝$表示LaTeX样式和无衬线字体）。也可以使用图形视图的样式栏选择合适的栅格并将点固定到栅格。

创建小程序

按照下面的说明学习如何创建一个评估项目，以便将一个点定位到给定的坐标上。

1.		Randomize your question by using random numbers. Create the coordinates of a point by using the commands xA = RandomBetween(-8, 8) and yA = RandomBetween(-8, 8).
2.		Then create a point by typing Acorrect = (xA, yA) into the Input Bar. The point is displayed in the Graphics View.
3.		Use the Text tool and click inside the Graphics 2 View. Enter the instruction text for the task \textsf{Position the point $A$ at\\the coordinates $Acorrect $.} using LaTeX formula and select Acorrect from the Objects to display the coordinates of the demanded point at the right place.
4.		Create a new point A using the Point tool and clicking inside the Graphics View. According to the task, this point should be positioned at the specified coordinates.
5.		Open the General Settings, select tab Grid and set Point Capturing to Fixed to Grid. Now point A will only be movable along the grid. Change the color to black, set the point size to 9 and change the caption of point A to $\textsf{A}$ in the settings of A.
6.		Create a button for updating the construction by using the Button tool. Enter $\textsf{new}$ for Caption and UpdateConstruction[ ] into the first line of the GeoGebra Script. Confirm by pressing OK. Note: When pressing the button, the random coordinates of Acorrect are updated and a new problem is displayed in the instruction text. You can also use keyboard shortcuts to get a new problem (e.g.: Windows F9).
7.		Check if the coordinates of A are equal to Acorrect by changing the boolean variable correct to correct = (A == Acorrect). The boolean variable correct will now only be true if A is positioned to the right place.
8.		Another option would be to check both x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point A, for a better feedback. Create two boolean variables c1 and c2 with: c1 = xA == x(A) c2 = yA == y(A) Define correct as correct = c1 && c2. The boolean variable correct will only be true if A is positioned to the right coordinate.

探究对象

给出反馈

按照下面的说明创建文本对象，以在检查学生答案时给出一定的反馈。

9.		To get general feedback about the correctness of the answer enter plaintextCorrect = If(correct, "Correct!", "Incorrect.") into the Input Bar.
10.		This object can be embedded into a text object so that it is written in LaTeX and made bigger than the rest of the text. Use the Text tool in the Graphics 2 View, enter \textsf{\large{plaintextCorrect}} in the dialog window and select plaintextCorrect from the Objects.
11.		As the text should only be displayed when the student's answer is validated, open the settings of the text object, select tab Advanced and enter validate for Condition to Show Object. Note: Now the text is only displayed when validate is true.
12.		To give extra feedback about the x- and y-coordinates, create a feedback text using a check or a cross to keep it simple. Enter checkX = If(c1, "✔", "✘") into the Input Bar. Create a LaTeX text using the Text tool in the Graphics 2 View, entering \textsf{x-coordinate\quad\large\bold{checkX}} in the dialog window and selecting checkX from the Objects.
13.		Repeat step 12 with checkY = If(c2, "✔", "✘") and LaTeX text \textsf{y-coordinate\quad\large\bold{checkY}} with object checkY. Change the settings for both LaTeX texts and enter validate && !showanswer && !showsolution for Condition to Show Object.
14.		Create a hint text in the Graphics 2 View using the Text tool and enter \textsf{Coordinate style: $(x, y)$} using LaTeX formula. As this hint should only be displayed when the student's answer is validated and not correct, open the settings of the text object, select tab Advanced and enter validate && !correct && !showanswer && !showsolution for Condition to Show Object.
15.		Create a solution text in the Graphics 2 View using the Text tool. Enter \textsf{x-coordinate: $ xA$\\\\\textsf{y-coordinate: $ yA$} as LaTeX formula and select xA and yA from the Objects to display the right x- and y-coordinates of the point at the right place.
16.		As this solution text should only be displayed when showsolution is true, open the settings of the solution text, select tab Advanced and enter showsolution for Condition to Show Object.
17.		Right-click (MacOS: Ctrl-click) on the point Acorrect and deselect Show Label. Open the settings of Acorrect, change the point size to 9 and enter showanswer for Condition to Show Object on tab Advanced. Note: Now Acorrect (the answer to the task) is only displayed when showanswer is true. You may also change the Layer of Acorrect to 1 on tab Advanced so point A cannot hide the correct answer.

完成小程序

dynamic color for texts/objects	Change the colors of your feedback texts. Make the solution text blue and change the color of Acorrect to blue as well. Change the color of the hint text to orange. For the feedback text telling if the answer is correct or incorrect open the settings of the texts and set the color on tab Advanced to use Dynamic Colors as follows: Red: If(correct, 21/255, 204/255) - Green: If(correct, 101/255, 102/255)* - Blue: If(correct, 192/255, 0)* Add dynamic colors in the same way for the x- and y-coordinate feedback texts using the boolean variables c1 and c2 as conditions.
Fix objects Absolute position on screen	Position your texts in the Graphics 2 View. Right-click (MacOS: Ctrl-click) on each text and select Fix Object and Absolute Position on Screen when done, so they cannot be moved by accident.
Allow/forbid selection	There are objects that should not be selectable by the user - for example the axes or point Acorrect. Open the settings of these objects and uncheck Selection Allowed on tab Advanced. Hide objects that were only needed to create your item but shouldn't be shown in your applet (e.g.: plaintextCorrect).
Naming of selectable objects	For accessibility reasons it should be possible to reach all selectable objects in a sensible order by pressing the tabulator key. This can be ensured by renaming the selectable objects alphabetically in the order they should be tabbed (e.g.: a1, ..., a9, b1, ..., b9, etc.). Note: Don't forget to change the name of point A as well (e.g.: to a2).
Hide Algebra View	Close the Algebra View by unchecking it in the View menu.
Upload item	Upload your file to your GeoGebra account. Edit the size of your applet (e.g.: Width: 800, Height: 500) in the Advanced Settings. Change the layout of your item, so everything is shown properly. Click Done and Save & Close to finish uploading the item to your account.
Test item	Review your uploaded item and test all different cases for validation, showing the answer and the solution by (un)checking the checkboxes.